EBN- Syria is entering a new phase in its political and military history, with armed factions announcing control over the capital Damascus and the largest cities in the country, especially Aleppo, Hama and Homs, after an armed conflict that has lasted for about 13 years in Syria, which suffers from sectarian and ethnic conflicts.
The international community is awaiting the outcome of the movements led by the armed factions in Syria, with the conflict between the opposition components residing abroad intensifying, and their failure to agree on a unified vision or plan to activate it after the fall of the regime of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, which requires effective action from Arab countries to support the Syrians in this difficult phase.
Observers confirmed that the United States of America and the European countries that imposed a blockade on Syria because of the continued rule of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad , will work to support the movements led by the militants to control the entire Syrian territory and encourage them to form a political body to lead the transitional phase in the country until elections are held in Syria.
Transitional phase
They explained that the transitional phase, the details of which will be discussed in the coming weeks, may extend for two years during which work will be done to prepare the atmosphere for dealing with the effects of the armed conflict, stressing that the biggest challenge for the Syrian state will be represented by the struggle for influence between armed factions with different visions and positions regarding the system of government in the country, which is full of different sects and ethnicities.
Observers pointed out that the Kurdish component, which controls 25% of Syria’s area, will be a major player during the next phase, as the Kurds plan to establish a federal system of government in the areas they control, which is rejected by the armed factions led by the so-called “Hayat Tahrir al-Sham” and other armed groups, which has caused violent clashes that will continue during the coming period to decide control over the joint Turkish-Syrian border.
It is expected that the armed factions in Syria will work to dismantle the security and military institutions under the pretext of their complete allegiance to former President Bashar al-Assad, which threatens to create massive security and military chaos in light of the absence of a Syrian plan to restructure the security and military institutions in the country, in addition to the possibility that Syria’s neighboring countries will be harmed by this decision.
UN calls for dialogue
The United Nations mission in Syria will focus during the coming period on organizing a Syrian political dialogue and calling for the writing of a new constitution for the country that regulates governance in the country. The draft prepared by the Constitutional Committee formed by the United Nations could be the basis for drafting a new constitution for the country.
The file of mercenaries and foreign fighters is one of the most prominent challenges that the Syrian state will face in terms of how to expel these extremists from the country during the coming period, in light of the support of regional and international parties for these elements that play a dangerous role in their attempt to change the demographics of Syria and divide it on a sectarian and ethnic basis.
Scene of complexity
The Syrian scene is filled with great complexity in light of the country’s economic collapse and the absence of any future vision for reconstruction, which requires significant support from European countries and the United States of America, who supported the overthrow of Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.
The American side will focus on pushing towards building a new regime in Syria that leans towards the American axis against the Russian axis, but Russia’s military bases remain one of the most prominent obstacles to achieving this, which leads to an extended conflict between the two sides, the results of which will be regional chaos.
Observers explained that Syrian refugees will not return to their country in the absence of a stable and strong ruling system, stressing the importance of an effective Arab role in building the new Syria and not leaving the Levant to external powers and parties that seek to implement their plans in the Middle East region, as part of their moves to redraw the borders of the countries of the region.
